Project 05 · 2 publications

Smart Textiles & Wearable Sensing

Programmable embroidered pressure sensors and e-textile integration — advancing textile-based platforms for health monitoring, human–machine interaction, and assistive robotics.

E-TextileEmbroidery Pressure SensorFlexible ElectronicsIEEE/ACM CHASE
Overview

Textiles as a Sensing Platform

E-textiles and smart fabrics occupy a unique position in wearable technology: they are inherently conformal to the human body, washable, mechanically robust under repeated deformation, and socially unobtrusive. This project developed textile-integrated sensing capabilities across multiple physical modalities — pressure and triboelectric charge — with a focus on manufacturing simplicity (programmable embroidery) that enables practical deployment in health monitoring and human–robot interaction.

This work bridges the gap between laboratory demonstrations and manufacturable, reproducible textile sensors. The programmable embroidery approach in particular introduces a pathway to digitally controlled, large-area pressure sensing arrays with customizable spatial resolution — directly applicable to prosthetics, rehabilitation garments, and soft robotic interfaces.

Thread connecting all five projects: E-textile and foam were the triboelectric materials throughout this research program. The smart textiles work closes the loop — advancing from using textiles as passive energy harvesters (WearETE) to developing textiles as active, programmable sensing elements. The programmable embroidery pressure sensor represents the most recent extension of this trajectory toward assistive robotics applications.

Research Threads

Two Interconnected Sensing Modalities

Pressure Sensing

Programmable embroidery enables digitally controlled pressure sensor fabrication with tunable spatial resolution — suitable for soft robotic grippers, rehabilitation garments, and prosthetic interfaces.

Triboelectric Integration

Foam and e-textile as active triboelectric materials underpin the energy harvesting and motion sensing work throughout this research program, connecting smart textile fabrication to the broader system level.

Publications
IEEE/ACM CHASE · June 2024
Development of Programmable Embroidery Pressure Sensors
F. Rehman, Xian Li, Ye Sun
Introduces a programmable embroidery-based approach to fabricating textile pressure sensors with digitally controlled spatial resolution and coverage. Demonstrates the feasibility of manufacturing-controlled sensor arrays using standard embroidery equipment, enabling customizable pressure mapping for applications in assistive robotics, prosthetics, and wearable health monitoring. Bridges smart textile manufacturing with human-centered robotics.
Sensors · Vol. 17, No. 11 · November 2017
WearETE: A Scalable Wearable E-Textile Triboelectric Energy Harvesting System for Human Motion Scavenging
Xian Li, Ye Sun
Also listed under Project 01 — Triboelectric Energy Harvesting. This work establishes foam and e-textile as the foundational material pair for the research group's triboelectric platform, and demonstrates that low-cost textile materials and easy assembly can achieve viable triboelectric energy harvesting performance — laying the groundwork for the programmable pressure sensor and broader smart textile sensing work.